Delhi traders push cash payments as 0.4% UPI merchant fee takes effect

Trader associations in Delhi say they will encourage cash payments after a new 0.4% MDR on UPI merchant transactions above Rs 2,000. Retailers warn the charge could squeeze already-thin margins and eventually be passed on to shoppers.

— Source publishedWed, 16 Sept, 2026, 16:53 IST·First seen Wed, 16 Sept, 2026, 17:13 IST·Source ET Small Business

What happened

Delhi trader associations plan to encourage cash payments after a new 0.4% UPI MDR on merchant transactions above Rs 2,000. They warn the charge will pressure

Key facts

  • 0.4% fee on UPI merchant transactions above Rs 2,000
  • MDR capped at Rs 300 for payments of Rs 75,000 and above
  • zero-MDR regime in place since January 2020
  • 18% GST on transaction charges
  • small merchants earning up to Rs 1 lakh monthly via UPI QR codes exempt
  • 96% of merchant transactions covered by exemption
  • person-to-person UPI is 37% of volume and 70% of value
  • Rs 5 flat fee for railways, telecom and fuel
  • 0.02% rate for capital-market transactions

Why this matters

Payments providers, merchant acquirers, and retail-tech platforms have an opening to offer lower-cost acceptance, surcharge-management, and checkout solutions as Delhi traders seek to offset the new UPI fee.

What to watch

  • Formal notification details, effective date, exemptions, and whether the Rs 2,000 threshold applies per transaction, invoice, or day.
  • Evidence of enforcement and merchant compliance, including whether retailers visibly refuse or discourage UPI on high-value purchases.
  • UPI merchant transaction volumes and average ticket size above Rs 2,000 versus cash withdrawals and card usage.
  • Competitive response from large chains and marketplaces, especially payment-specific discounts or fee absorption.
  • Statements from RBI, NPCI, finance authorities, trader bodies, banks, and acquirers indicating rollback, subsidy, or revised MDR architecture.
  • Consumer complaints over surcharges, payment refusal, or differential pricing and any resulting regulatory action.
  • Model checkout payment mix separately for baskets below and above Rs 2,000, with particular focus on electronics, apparel, grocery bulk purchases, and pharmacy.
  • Prepare compliant payment-cost recovery options: cash discounts where permitted, loyalty rewards for preferred tenders, minimum free-delivery thresholds, and margin-based assortment pricing.
  • Track store-level cash handling capacity, reconciliation losses, working-capital needs, and security costs before actively steering customers away from UPI.
  • Pressure-test omni-channel journeys: customers may pay cash in store but shift high-ticket purchases online if digital checkout remains frictionless or more promotional.
  • Engage acquirers and payment providers on MDR negotiation, transaction-routing options, settlement terms, and merchant-category exemptions.