El Niño and weak monsoon raise India food-price and rabi supply risks

A 15% cumulative monsoon deficit, lower reservoir levels and the prospect of an early summer could pressure rabi output. Vegetable prices are up 36.1% year-on-year and edible oils 13.8%, raising sourcing, availability and margin risks for food retailers and consumer brands.

— Source publishedSat, 19 Sept, 2026, 16:58 IST·First seen Sat, 19 Sept, 2026, 17:25 IST·Source NDTV Profit

What happened

retail-company · El Nino, a 15% monsoon deficit and low reservoirs could reduce rabi output through drier winter conditions and an early summer. Vegetable and

Key facts

  • Cumulative monsoon rainfall was 15% below the long-term average as of September 18
  • Weekly rainfall was 9% below normal
  • 18 of 36 meteorological subdivisions recorded deficient rainfall
  • Kharif acreage fell 1.4% year-on-year; rice acreage fell 3.8%
  • Vegetable prices rose 1.3% week-on-week and 36.1% year-on-year

What changed

El Nino, a 15% monsoon deficit and low reservoirs could reduce rabi output through drier winter conditions and an early summer. Vegetable and edible-oil inflation is already elevated, posing sourcing, availability and pricing risks for Indian food retailers and consumer brands.

Why this matters

Food retailers should secure rabi-linked staples and edible oils early, diversify sourcing, and tighten promotional planning as prolonged inflation threatens availability and gross margins.

What to watch

  • Reservoir storage levels and late-season rainfall across key rabi-producing states.
  • Rabi sowing acreage, especially wheat, pulses, oilseeds and vegetables.
  • Wholesale mandi prices versus retail food CPI, particularly vegetables, onions, tomatoes, pulses and edible oils.
  • Government actions on exports, import duties, buffer-stock releases and essential-food price controls.
  • Consumer downtrading indicators: private-label mix, smaller pack sales, basket size and promotional intensity.