Former WTO negotiator flags India-US FTA risks for pharma and agriculture

JS Deepak says a full India-US free-trade agreement could expose agriculture, poultry, dairy and pharmaceutical sectors, while US intellectual-property and digital-trade provisions may narrow India’s policy flexibility.

— Source publishedSun, 27 Sept, 2026, 21:43 IST·First seen Sun, 27 Sept, 2026, 22:06 IST·Source Business Today · Latest

The development

JS Deepak warned, drawing on his June 2017 to May 2020 WTO-negotiator tenure, that a full US FTA could expose India’s agriculture, poultry, dairy and pharma sectors. He said US intellectual-property and digital-trade rules could also restrict India’s policy options.

The numbers

  • June 2017 to May 2020
  • September 2012 to August 2015
  • three or four years
  • 99 percent
  • less than 12.5 hectares

Why it matters to operators and investors

Indian pharma, dairy, poultry and agriculture operators should stress-test pricing, sourcing and compliance plans against potential India-US FTA concessions and tighter IP or digital-trade rules.

What to watch next

  • Formal launch or revival of comprehensive India-US FTA negotiations and release of negotiating objectives.
  • Any tariff-offer lists covering dairy, poultry, grains, processed foods, alcohol, medical products, apparel or electronics components.
  • Indian government statements on exclusions for agriculture, dairy, poultry, generic pharmaceuticals, patents, data localization and e-commerce policy.
  • US demands relating to intellectual property, pharmaceutical patent linkage, cross-border data flows, source-code access or digital-services treatment.
  • Farm-group, dairy cooperative, pharma-industry and opposition-party resistance that increases the likelihood of carve-outs or negotiation delays.

The counter-case

The warning may overstate near-term exposure: India-US trade negotiations have historically moved slowly, and politically sensitive sectors such as dairy, poultry and agriculture are likely candidates for carve-outs, long phase-ins or quota-based access rather than immediate full liberalization. Indian pharmaceutical firms could also gain from easier US market access, supply-chain integration and reduced trade friction, while tougher IP provisions may be resisted or adapted without materially changing India’s generics model.