NPCI outlines 0.4% MDR on UPI merchant payments above ₹2,000
NPCI has outlined a revised UPI merchant-pricing framework: P2M payments above ₹2,000 would attract 0.4% MDR, capped at ₹300. Transactions up to ₹2,000 and small merchants receiving up to ₹1 lakh a month would remain zero-MDR.
What happened
National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) · NPCI announced revised UPI merchant pricing: 0.4% MDR, capped at ₹300, for P2M payments above ₹2,000. Low-value
Key facts
- 0.4% MDR on P2M UPI transactions above ₹2,000
- MDR capped at ₹300 per transaction
- ₹5 flat MDR for transactions above ₹2,000 in specified categories
- P2M transactions up to ₹2,000 remain MDR-free
- Small P2PM merchants receiving up to ₹1 lakh monthly remain zero-MDR
- More than 95% of UPI P2M transactions are below ₹2,000
Why this matters
Reassess partnerships with acquirers, payment gateways and fintechs as a new MDR pool on higher-value UPI payments could reshape merchant monetization and negotiation leverage.
What to watch
- Formal NPCI circular, effective date, legal basis and confirmation of whether RBI/government approval is required.
- Final definitions of P2M, merchant turnover, monthly ₹1 lakh eligibility, transaction aggregation, refunds, reversals and marketplace/platform liability.
- Acquirer and PSP pricing announcements, including whether MDR is fully passed through and whether GST or other fees apply.
- Government response on UPI subsidy funding and any change to the zero-MDR policy for merchants.
- Merchant association, large retailer and consumer response; evidence of checkout steering or reduced UPI acceptance for high-value baskets.
- Changes in high-ticket UPI authorization rates, payment-method mix, basket conversion and merchant discount expense after implementation.
- Model blended payment-cost exposure by category, ticket band and store/online channel; isolate transactions above ₹2,000 and merchant entities above the ₹1 lakh monthly threshold.
- Review checkout and POS payment steering rules, ensuring any incentive or surcharge approach complies with applicable payment-network and consumer-protection rules.
- Renegotiate acquiring and payment-gateway contracts for pass-through treatment, volume tiers, routing controls and reporting on UPI ticket-size economics.
- Prepare high-ticket conversion tests: card-on-UPI, credit-card offers, EMI, loyalty-funded payment incentives and split-payment options.
- Assess whether franchisees, marketplace sellers and small-format stores qualify separately for small-merchant protection, and improve merchant-entity data hygiene.
Also reported by
- Mint · Money — Same time