Proposed UPI MDR framework targets larger merchant transactions, keeps consumer payments free

Startup Policy Forum says the proposed framework would levy 0.4% MDR on UPI transactions above ₹2,000, while merchants receiving up to ₹1 lakh a month would pay no fee. Consumer payments, P2P transfers and AutoPay would remain free; no rollout date has been stated.

— Source publishedFri, 25 Sept, 2026, 18:46 IST·First seen Fri, 25 Sept, 2026, 19:17 IST·Source Business Today · Latest

What happened

Startup Policy Forum says proposed UPI MDR would remain free for consumers, P2P transfers and AutoPay. A 0.4% merchant-paid fee may apply to transactions above

Key facts

  • 0.4% MDR
  • ₹2,000 transaction threshold
  • ₹1 lakh monthly merchant-receipts threshold

What changed

Startup Policy Forum says proposed UPI MDR would remain free for consumers, P2P transfers and AutoPay. A 0.4% merchant-paid fee may apply to transactions above ₹2,000, while merchants receiving up to ₹1 lakh monthly would pay zero MDR.

Why this matters

A proposed 0.4% UPI MDR on transactions above ₹2,000 would raise payment-acceptance costs for larger merchants while preserving free consumer, P2P and AutoPay usage.

What to watch

  • Formal RBI, NPCI, Ministry of Finance, or government consultation/recommendation confirming the proposed rate, threshold, and effective date.
  • Whether the ₹1 lakh monthly exemption applies per merchant, per QR/account, per acquiring bank, or across merchant entities.
  • Merchant association response and evidence of surcharge, minimum-purchase, or payment-steering behavior.
  • Changes to UPI incentive subsidies, PSP reimbursement rules, or bank/acquirer interchange economics.
  • Transaction-volume mix above ₹2,000, especially in grocery, fuel, travel, healthcare, electronics, and marketplace checkout.