UPI’s merchant-fee advantage remains a key contrast with card payment acceptance

Business Today compares UPI’s merchant discount rate framework with charges associated with credit and debit card payments, highlighting payment-acceptance economics for retailers.

— Source publishedThu, 17 Sept, 2026, 20:19 IST·First seen Thu, 17 Sept, 2026, 20:35 IST·Source Business Today · Latest

What happened

Business Today compares merchant discount rate charges for India’s UPI payments system against credit and debit card payment charges.

Why this matters

Payment-platform partnerships and acquisitions should prioritize UPI capability, since lower merchant costs make it strategically important for retailer acceptance stacks.

What to watch

  • Any RBI, NPCI or government change to UPI MDR, subsidy, interchange or merchant-fee policy.
  • UPI transaction-value growth relative to transaction-volume growth, which indicates movement into higher-ticket retail baskets.
  • Card MDR revisions, issuer reward changes and growth in card EMI or pay-later usage.
  • Merchant adoption of UPI credit lines and RuPay credit card-on-UPI, which may blur the current UPI-versus-card cost distinction.
  • Acquirer pricing changes for omnichannel merchants and evidence of retailers adding UPI-specific discounts or checkout defaults.
  • Model payment-cost savings by tender mix, separating UPI, debit cards, credit cards and EMI transactions.
  • Make UPI the default at checkout for low-ticket and repeat purchases, while preserving card acceptance for conversion-sensitive baskets.
  • Use targeted offers to shift eligible transactions from cards to UPI without undermining card-funded loyalty or installment sales.
  • Negotiate acquiring rates and monitor blended MDR by store, category and online versus offline channel.
  • Build payment-routing and tender-level analytics so fees, authorization rates, refunds and customer conversion can be managed together.