India May Introduce 40 Bps UPI MDR for Larger Merchants: Report
A proposed UPI MDR framework could levy 40 bps on eligible merchant transactions, reportedly splitting revenue 40% to issuing banks and 30% each to TPAPs and acquirers. Thresholds may apply above ₹2,000 transactions and for merchants with ₹1 crore–₹1.5 crore turnover; rules are not final.
What happened
India may introduce a targeted UPI merchant discount rate of about 40 bps, with issuing banks receiving 40% and TPAPs and acquirers 30% each. The proposed
Key facts
- Proposed MDR: 40 bps (0.4%)
- Issuing banks: 40% of MDR (16 bps)
- TPAPs: 30% of MDR (12 bps)
- Acquiring banks: 30% of MDR (12 bps)
- Earlier proposed MDR: 5-7 bps
- Possible transaction threshold: above ₹2,000
- Possible merchant turnover threshold: ₹1 Cr-₹1.5 Cr
- August UPI transactions: 24.51 Bn
- August UPI transaction value: ₹29.82 lakh crore
- UPI annual transaction growth: 20%
- FY24 UPI/RuPay incentive outlay: ₹3,631 Cr
- FY26 initial incentive allocation: ₹437 Cr
Why this matters
The proposed fee pool could make bank, acquirer and payment-app partnerships more strategic, creating opportunities to negotiate routing, incentives and merchant-service bundles for large-format retailers.
What to watch
- Finance Ministry, RBI and NPCI consultation papers or formal notifications specifying thresholds, exclusions and start date.
- Whether the 40 bps rate is a ceiling, a fixed rate or subject to merchant-category and transaction-size bands.
- Definition of merchant turnover, including treatment of group companies, marketplaces, franchises and online aggregators.
- Confirmation of the proposed 40% issuer-bank and 30%/30% TPAP-acquirer revenue split.
- Government budget allocations or subsidy extensions for UPI and RuPay payments.
- Payment-app and acquirer pricing announcements, especially for enterprise merchants and QR acceptance.
- Retailer association statements, legal challenges or evidence of merchant payment steering.
- Model UPI acceptance cost by store format, average ticket and merchant entity turnover; isolate outlets likely to exceed proposed thresholds.
- Review payment-routing capabilities and negotiate acquiring contracts with volume-based MDR caps, pass-through protections and blended pricing.
- Prepare compliant customer-steering options: loyalty rewards for lower-cost rails, thresholds for card/UPI promotions and incentives for larger-basket payment methods.
- Assess whether marketplace sellers, franchisees and subsidiaries would be independently measured for turnover eligibility.
- Push banks, acquirers and payment apps for data on transaction-level eligibility, implementation timing, dispute handling and settlement economics.
- Monitor competitor pricing behavior; widespread pass-through could normalize small checkout surcharges or reduced UPI-funded promotions among large retailers.
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