Merchant resistance clouds any UPI MDR return for larger retailers

A LocalCircles survey of 32,796 merchants found only 17% would absorb a potential 0.4% MDR on UPI payments above Rs 2,000. Any final framework for larger businesses could raise payment-acceptance costs and prompt merchants to pass fees on or steer customers to other modes.

— Source publishedWed, 16 Sept, 2026, 15:04 IST·First seen Wed, 16 Sept, 2026, 15:42 IST·Source NDTV Profit

What happened

A LocalCircles survey found strong merchant resistance to a potential 0.4% MDR on UPI payments above Rs 2,000. The proposed fee framework could affect larger

Key facts

  • 17% of merchants willing to absorb MDR of 0.4% or higher
  • 32,796 merchant and business respondents across 242 districts
  • 41% would not bear any MDR
  • UPI payments up to Rs 2,000 exempt from fees
  • Potential MDR of about 0.4% for transactions above Rs 2,000

What changed

A LocalCircles survey found strong merchant resistance to a potential 0.4% MDR on UPI payments above Rs 2,000. The proposed fee framework could affect larger Indian retailers, payment acceptance costs and customer payment-method choices.

Why this matters

Prepare for potential UPI acceptance-cost changes above Rs 2,000 by modeling surcharge, steering and margin scenarios, as most surveyed merchants indicate they would not absorb a 0.4% MDR.

What to watch

  • Finance Ministry, RBI, NPCI, or cabinet consultation language on UPI MDR, merchant-size definitions, and transaction thresholds.
  • Whether any framework permits merchants to levy customer convenience fees or bars differential pricing by payment mode.
  • UPI transaction-value growth above Rs 2,000 and the share of high-value UPI payments in organized retail.
  • Public statements from large retail chains, merchant associations, banks, payment aggregators, PhonePe, Google Pay, and Paytm.
  • Changes in payment-app incentive programs, merchant discounting, checkout conversion, or migration toward cards and bank-transfer rails.