UPI MDR returns for select merchant payments above ₹2,000 from October 15

India’s revised UPI merchant-discount-rate framework introduces charges on select transactions above ₹2,000. PhonePe and MobiKwik back the move as necessary to sustain payments infrastructure, while BharatPe’s Ashneer Grover has criticised it as a tax.

— Source publishedWed, 16 Sept, 2026, 15:16 IST·First seen Wed, 16 Sept, 2026, 15:21 IST·Source Mint · Money

What happened

India’s revised UPI MDR framework will levy merchant charges on select transactions above ₹2,000 from October 15. PhonePe and MobiKwik support the measure as

Key facts

  • ₹5 flat MDR on certain UPI transactions above ₹2,000
  • 0.4% MDR on other P2M UPI transactions above ₹2,000, capped at ₹300
  • 0.02% MDR on capital-market UPI payments, capped at ₹300
  • 70–80 crore UPI transactions daily
  • NPCI pre-tax surplus: ₹1,888 crore

What changed

India’s revised UPI MDR framework will levy merchant charges on select transactions above ₹2,000 from October 15. PhonePe and MobiKwik support the measure as sustainable for payment infrastructure, while BharatPe’s Ashneer Grover calls it a tax.

Why this matters

Retailers processing eligible UPI payments above ₹2,000 should prepare for higher acceptance costs from October 15 and reassess checkout, pricing and payment-routing economics.

What to watch

  • Final circular defining eligible merchant categories, MDR rate, payer/payee liability, transaction aggregation rules and exemptions.
  • NPCI, RBI and payment-app implementation guidance, including whether charges apply at QR, intent, collect and gateway flows.
  • Merchant-acquirer notices on fee pass-through, settlement timing and promotional rebates.
  • UPI transaction-value migration above ₹2,000, particularly in electronics, grocery wholesale, fashion, travel and fuel-adjacent retail.
  • Evidence of merchant surcharging complaints, consumer backlash, enforcement actions or litigation.

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